The Astyanax vermilion lives in the benthopelagic, freshwater environment.
Astyanax vermilion is distinguished from most of its congeners and from all other Astyanax species known from northeastern Brazilian drainages by having distal portion of pelvic fins dark, a combination of sexually dimorphic characters, posteroventral portion of body and fins (except More
Astyanax vermilion is distinguished from geographically proximate congeners in having a dark end portion of the pelvic fin, the lower part of the caudal peduncle and all fins (except the pectorals) reddish in life, inconspicuous humeral and caudal spots, the highest More